insights

Articles and guides on Indian law

Plain-language explanations of procedure, rights and remedies in the courts and tribunals where the firm practises. Written for clients, businesses and anyone trying to understand their position.

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• Courts & Criminal Defence
• Commercial Disputes & Arbitration
• Debt Recovery & Insolvency
• Corporate, Tax & Intellectual Property
• Property, Consumer & Family

• Wills, Probate and Succession Certificates in Delhi: What Heirs Need to KnowAfter a death, families in Delhi face a set of procedures that depend on whether there is a will, what the assets are and which personal law applies.Property, Consumer & Family
• Copyright for Software and Content Businesses in India: Ownership, Registration and EnforcementEvery software product, website and marketing asset a business creates is copyright work, and who owns it depends on who created it and on what terms.Corporate, Tax & Intellectual Property
• Maintenance under Section 144 BNSS (formerly 125 CrPC): Rights of Wives, Children and ParentsSection 144 of the BNSS carries forward the summary maintenance remedy that has protected dependants for decades.Property, Consumer & Family
• Trademark Infringement vs Passing Off: Enforcing Your Brand in the Delhi High CourtDelhi is where most Indian brand disputes are fought, and the Delhi High Court's Intellectual Property Division has made enforcement faster.Corporate, Tax & Intellectual Property
• Trademark Registration in India: A Step-by-Step Guide for BusinessesA registered trademark is the cheapest strong protection a business can buy for its name and logo.Corporate, Tax & Intellectual Property
• Mutual Consent Divorce in Delhi: The Procedure under Section 13B and Waiver of the Six-Month WaitMutual consent divorce is the quickest and least damaging way to end a marriage when both spouses agree.Property, Consumer & Family
• GST Show Cause Notice under Section 73 or 74: How to Reply and Protect Your PositionGST demands are issued through show cause notices that decide the penalty exposure before the case is even heard.Corporate, Tax & Intellectual Property
• Insurance Claim Rejected? Remedies against Repudiation in IndiaInsurers repudiate claims on grounds that often do not survive scrutiny: non-disclosure of trivial facts, exclusions read too widely, or delay in intimation.Property, Consumer & Family
• Reassessment Notice under Section 148: How to Respond and When to Challenge ItA reassessment notice reopens a year you thought was closed.Corporate, Tax & Intellectual Property
• How to File a Consumer Complaint in India: District, State and National CommissionsConsumer Commissions are meant to be quick, inexpensive and usable without a lawyer.Property, Consumer & Family
• Closing a Company in India: Strike-Off under Section 248 vs Voluntary LiquidationCompanies that have stopped trading still accumulate filing obligations and penalties.Corporate, Tax & Intellectual Property
• Land Acquisition and Compensation under the 2013 Act: What Landowners in Delhi NCR Should KnowThe 2013 Act replaced the colonial acquisition law with a regime of consent, social impact assessment and enhanced compensation.Property, Consumer & Family
• Mergers and Demergers through the NCLT: The Section 230 to 232 ProcessA merger or demerger of Indian companies is carried out through a scheme of arrangement sanctioned by the National Company Law Tribunal.Corporate, Tax & Intellectual Property
• Waqf Property Disputes in India: Jurisdiction of the Waqf Tribunal and Rights of Mutawallis and BeneficiariesWaqf property is governed by a dedicated statute and a dedicated tribunal, and the law has changed significantly with the 2025 amendment.Property, Consumer & Family
• ESOPs in Indian Start-ups: The Legal Framework and Common MistakesAn ESOP is the standard tool for hiring when cash is short, but the plan must comply with company law and the tax treatment surprises many employees.Corporate, Tax & Intellectual Property
• Filing a RERA Complaint for Delayed Possession: Refund, Interest or Possession with CompensationRERA gives homebuyers a specialised forum against developers who miss the promised possession date.Property, Consumer & Family
• The Founders' Agreement: What Every Indian Start-up Should Settle Before Raising MoneyMost start-up disputes we see trace back to something the founders never wrote down.Corporate, Tax & Intellectual Property
• Partition Suits in Delhi: Dividing Family Property When Co-owners DisagreeWhen co-owners cannot agree on dividing an inherited house or plot, a partition suit is the legal route to a share by metes and bounds or a sale.Property, Consumer & Family
• Annual Compliance Checklist for a Private Limited Company in IndiaMissing a ROC filing costs a company daily additional fees and can disqualify its directors.Corporate, Tax & Intellectual Property
• Buying Property in Delhi: The Legal Due Diligence Checklist Before You PayDelhi property carries specific risks: leasehold plots, unauthorised colonies, power-of-attorney transactions and builder floors without sanction.Property, Consumer & Family
• Limitation for Debt Recovery in India: The Three-Year Rule and How Acknowledgments Extend ItThe most common reason a good debt becomes unrecoverable is that nobody watched the calendar.Debt Recovery & Insolvency
• Emergency Arbitrators and Section 17: Interim Measures from the Tribunal ItselfOnce a tribunal is constituted, it, not the court, is the primary source of interim relief.Commercial Disputes & Arbitration
• Habeas Corpus: The Remedy against Illegal Detention in IndiaHabeas corpus is the oldest and fastest constitutional remedy: an order that the person holding someone in custody produce them before the court and justify the detention.Courts & Criminal Defence
• Personal Guarantors under the IBC: What Section 95 Proceedings Mean for Promoters and DirectorsSince December 2019, lenders can pursue promoters who personally guaranteed company loans through the individual insolvency provisions of the IBC, and the Supreme Court has upheld the framework.Debt Recovery & Insolvency
• Dispute with a Foreign Buyer or Supplier: Governing Law, Jurisdiction and Where to SueWhen an overseas buyer refuses to pay or a foreign supplier ships defective goods, the first questions are which law applies and which court or tribunal can hear the case.Commercial Disputes & Arbitration
• Criminal Appeals in the Delhi High Court: Procedure, Limitation and Suspension of SentenceA conviction by a Sessions Court is appealable to the High Court as of right.Courts & Criminal Defence
• Homebuyers under the IBC: Filing Claims and Protecting Your Flat When the Builder Goes into InsolvencyWhen a developer is admitted to insolvency, every allottee becomes a creditor with a deadline to file a claim and a vote in the process.Debt Recovery & Insolvency
• Principal-Agent and Distributor Disputes: Recovering Dues and Terminating CleanlyAgency and distribution relationships generate a distinctive set of disputes: unremitted collections, unreturned stock, commission claims and contested terminations.Commercial Disputes & Arbitration
• Received a Police Notice under Section 35 BNSS (formerly 41A CrPC)? Here Is What It MeansA notice of appearance from the police is not an arrest, but how you respond to it shapes the rest of the case.Courts & Criminal Defence
• MSME Delayed Payment Recovery through the Facilitation Council: A Practical GuideMicro and small enterprises have a statutory fast track for unpaid invoices: interest at three times the bank rate and a reference to the Facilitation Council that can end in an arbitral award.Debt Recovery & Insolvency
• Breach of Contract in India: Damages, Specific Performance and Injunctions ExplainedWhen the other side breaks a contract, the law gives you a menu of remedies, and choosing the right one at the start shapes the whole case.Commercial Disputes & Arbitration
• Defending a Cheque Bounce Case: Grounds Available to the AccusedA complaint under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act carries a statutory presumption against the drawer, but it is a rebuttable one.Courts & Criminal Defence
• When a Bank Sues You in the Debt Recovery Tribunal: A Borrower's and Guarantor's GuideBanks recover loans of 20 lakh rupees or more through an original application in the Debt Recovery Tribunal rather than the civil court.Debt Recovery & Insolvency
• Drafting an Arbitration Clause for an Indian Contract: Seven Mistakes That Cost Money LaterMost arbitration disputes that reach the Delhi High Court on jurisdiction could have been avoided by a better clause.Commercial Disputes & Arbitration
• Special Leave Petitions: How a Case Reaches the Supreme Court of IndiaMost cases reach the Supreme Court through a special leave petition under Article 136 of the Constitution.Courts & Criminal Defence
• Received a SARFAESI Notice under Section 13(2)? The Borrower's OptionsA notice under Section 13(2) of the SARFAESI Act starts a 60-day clock after which the bank can take possession of the mortgaged property without going to court.Debt Recovery & Insolvency
• Pre-Institution Mediation under Section 12A of the Commercial Courts Act: What It Means for Your SuitSince the Supreme Court's ruling in Patil Automation (2022), a commercial suit filed without first attempting pre-institution mediation is liable to be rejected.Commercial Disputes & Arbitration
• Filing a Writ Petition in the Delhi High Court under Article 226A writ petition is the main remedy against unlawful action by the government or a public authority.Courts & Criminal Defence
• Section 7 vs Section 9 of the IBC: Financial and Operational Creditors ComparedThe IBC treats lenders and suppliers very differently.Debt Recovery & Insolvency
• Enforcing an Arbitral Award in India: Domestic Awards and Foreign AwardsWinning an award is only half the job; it has to be enforced against the losing party's assets.Commercial Disputes & Arbitration
• Regular Bail, Anticipatory Bail and Default Bail: What Each One MeansBail comes in three forms under Indian law, each available at a different stage and on different conditions.Courts & Criminal Defence
• Challenging an Arbitral Award under Section 34: Grounds and the Three-Month DeadlineAn arbitral award can be set aside only on the narrow grounds in Section 34, and only if the petition is filed within three months.Commercial Disputes & Arbitration
• How to Serve a Demand Notice under Section 8 of the IBC as an Operational CreditorThe Section 8 demand notice is the gateway to insolvency proceedings against a company that owes you for goods or services.Debt Recovery & Insolvency
• Quashing an FIR in the Delhi High Court: Grounds, Process and ChancesThe Delhi High Court can quash an FIR or criminal proceedings where continuing them would be an abuse of the process of court.Courts & Criminal Defence
• How to Get an Arbitrator Appointed under Section 11 When the Other Side RefusesWhen a counterparty ignores a notice invoking arbitration or refuses to agree on an arbitrator, the court can make the appointment.Commercial Disputes & Arbitration
• Summary Suit under Order XXXVII CPC: The Fast Route to a Money DecreeA summary suit reverses the normal burden: the defendant must obtain the court's leave to defend, and if it cannot show a real defence, judgment follows without trial.Debt Recovery & Insolvency
• An FIR Has Been Registered Against You: What to Do in the First Seven DaysThe first week after an FIR is registered decides whether a person is arrested and how strong their defence will be.Courts & Criminal Defence
• Section 9 of the Arbitration Act: Getting Interim Relief Before the Tribunal Is FormedA party to an arbitration agreement can ask the court to protect assets, restrain a party or preserve evidence before or during arbitration.Commercial Disputes & Arbitration
• How to Apply for Anticipatory Bail in Delhi under Section 482 BNSSAnticipatory bail is an order directing that a person be released on bail if arrested.Courts & Criminal Defence
• Cheque Bounce Case in India: Step-by-Step Procedure under Section 138 for the PayeeA cheque bounce complaint is the fastest criminal remedy for an unpaid debt, but it lives and dies by three deadlines.Debt Recovery & Insolvency